Last updated on 5 January 2026 by Brisbane Livewell Clinic Editorial Team
The gut and brain are closely linked, and problems in the gut can affect mood, stress, and mental health. Improving gut health with the right foods, probiotics, and natural treatments may help reduce anxiety, low mood, and other mental health symptoms.
Introduction
Mental health issues are becoming more common, with nearly half of all Australians reporting mental health symptoms in 2023. Many of these symptoms are linked to anxiety and affect both adults and children.
This article explains how the gut and brain work together, what tests may help, and how natural treatments can support your mood and mental wellbeing.
Mental Health disorders have risen dramatically over the last few years, with recent statistics in 2023 showing 44% of Australian’s having reported mental health concerns, this translates to over 2 in 5(1). A large percentage of this being anxiety-driven disorders, encompassing both adults and children.
With mental health disorders being more common based on many factors, working preventatively to support mental health concerns taking a holistic approach of dietary changes, lifestyle alterations, psychology techniques and nutrients and herbs where required can see a massive shift in the severity, frequency and exacerbation of mental health concerns.
The Gut Brain Connection
The Gut-brain axis is a key player within the rise of mood disorders alongside gut health concerns, the gut-brain axis describes the communication between the gut and the brain and our nervous system. Gut health comes to the forefront of any mental health treatment within the holistic health model due to the gut microbiome’s ability to influence the brain, behaviour and emotional regulation via the nervous system.
The microbiome has this influence being a pivotal are of where the production of neurotransmitters takes place, with approximately 95% of serotonin (2) which is known as where happiness comes from, alongside satisfaction and optimism, comparatively 50% of dopamine is synthesised within the gut (3), which provides feelings of achievement, motivation and can influence addictive behaviours more directly. If our gut microbiome is no longer optimised the ability to create neurotransmitters responsible for these, mental health status can be compromised.
This gut-brain axis is most apparent and confirmed by the obvious symptoms of constipation during stressful times, diarrhea when anxious, or the classic ‘butterflies in stomach’ when feeling apprehensive, these common feelings are all a result of the clear communication between the gastrointestinal system and the brain. Over the last decade the use of varies gut modulating probiotics have been trialled successfully showing improvements in anxiety, stress, exhaustion, depression and cortisol levels (2).
Testing Options for Tailored Results
Testing options are varied depending on the presentation of the client, the mental health concerns and any other associated symptoms that are being experienced. There are a multitude of tests that may be indicated, but here are our top 3 that are used most commonly within our clinic:
DUTCH Test
Hormonal testing may be indicated if women are finding their symptoms to be associated strongly with their cycle or linked to a highly stressful event or chronic period of ongoing stress.
GI360 or CDSA
Gut microbiome testing can be recommended when strong gastrointestinal symptoms are combined with anxiety/low moods. If the onset of symptoms started after a bout of gastro or a course of antibiotics it may be strongly recommended to complete microbiome mapping testing to ensure all strains are adequately assessed for optimised gut microbiome status and therefore neurotransmitter synthesis.
Comprehensive Neurotransmitter Testing
A urine test outlining an assessment of a patients ability to create and metabolise neurotransmitters can be directly tested, testing neurotransmitters can be useful in identifying exactly which areas of brain health need to be supported for faster results and outcomes in rebalancing the root cause of your mental health concerns.
Holistic Treatment Options
The treatment options for supporting anxiety disorders, depression, OCD, ADHD, Insomnia and more can vary dramatically dependent on the overall presentation of the client, associated symptoms and health timeline. Some key nutritional and herbal remedies of note that can be perfectly tailored to your health concerns working with a practitioner can look like:
Probiotics
Due to the gut-brain axis, probiotics are an effective treatment method that is safe alongside most presentations and medications. A recent trail on 4 specific clinical probiotic strains showed over a 6 week period of time with substantial improvements in depressed moods, improved energy and sleep quality and reduced anger/hostility(4).
Vitamin D
Vitamin D is a hormone with more than 200 impacts on genes and tissues within the body, a high correlation has been observed of vitamin D deficiency and depression. With decreased sunshine exposure and vitamin D levels sitting universally lower, ascertaining Vitamin D levels and treating accordingly to improve depressive symptoms can support mental health outcomes positively(5).
Passionflower
Passiflora incarnata has been indicated as beneficial on a variety of symptoms such as anxiety, nervousness, insomnia, and ADHD (6). Passionflower works by increasing levels of a neurotransmitter called gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. GABA lowers the activity of some brain cells, making you feel more relaxed and calmed both mentally and physically.
Dietary Focus’s for Brain Health
Within naturopathy and nutrition eating a healthy diet and focusing in on some key nutrients from food can omit the need for supplementation. ‘Brain food’ really does take on a whole new meaning when you are experiencing low moods, anxious thoughts or sleep disruptions which is where diet really can support better outcomes and therefore better days! Naturally the sooner you implement dietary changes working preventatively the better the outcomes, some mental health concerns will need a more direct approach. Healthy eating habits include:
Reduce Caffeine Intake
Stimulating constituents such as caffeine found in coffee, green tea and black tea, along with alcohol can add significantly to anxiety and sleep disruptions. Caffeine increases neurotransmitters adrenaline and cortisol which can physically increase heart rate, blood sugar levels and even blood pressure which then contribute to jittery anxious feelings making it harder to get back to a calmer state.
Eat More Protein
Ensuring protein targets are being hit for general functioning and healthy neurotransmitter synthesis, protein contains amino acids which are used as precursors to create dopamine (think motivation!) and serotonin (happiness!) to name just two. When amino acids are not consumed in the form of protein adequately throughout the day, the creation of these feel good neurotransmitters struggles to be completed. Aiming for an absolute minimum of 1.5g of protein per kilogram of bodyweight is recommended as a baseline.
Focus on Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Omega-3 fatty acids are found predominately in fatty fish, walnuts, hemp seeds, flax seeds and fish oils, correlations with limited omega consumption and mood disorders have been backed up through research. EPA and DHA found within Omega-3’s has been shown to improve depression symptoms on both children and adults. EPA and DHA both influence the production of Serotonin by influences the receptors associated with the creation of it.
Mental Health disorders vary dramatically in presentation and severity, working proactively with a health practitioner can help to support you during tough times and to assist in the prevention of a worsening condition. Working from all angles ranging from gut, brain, supplemental and dietary supports
Support Your Mental Health
Mental health symptoms can have many causes, but your gut health plays a much bigger role than most people realise. Because the gut and brain are closely connected, problems in your gut can affect how you feel, how well you sleep, and how you manage stress or anxiety.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the gut-brain connection?
The gut-brain connection is the link between your digestive system and your brain. These two systems send signals to each other and work closely together to influence mood, stress and emotions.
2. Can gut health affect my mental health?
Gut health can affect your mental health because most of your mood chemicals, like serotonin and dopamine, are made in the gut. If your gut is not working well, it may be harder for your brain to feel calm, focused or happy.
3. What are signs that my gut might be affecting my mood?
Signs your gut may be affecting your mood include bloating, constipation, diarrhoea, frequent anxiety, brain fog or low energy. These issues often go together and may mean your gut needs support.
4. Can probiotics help with anxiety and low mood?
Probiotics may help with anxiety and low mood by improving gut health and supporting the gut-brain connection. Certain strains of probiotics have been shown to help reduce stress and improve sleep and mood.
5. What foods are good for brain and gut health?
Foods that are good for your brain and gut include oily fish, leafy greens, fibre-rich veggies, fermented foods, nuts and seeds. These help feed your gut bacteria and give your brain the nutrients it needs.
6. Should I stop drinking coffee if I feel anxious?
Reducing coffee can help if you feel anxious because caffeine can increase heart rate and stress hormones. Many people feel calmer and sleep better when they cut back on caffeine.
7. How does protein help with mental health?
Protein helps make neurotransmitters, which are brain chemicals that affect mood. Eating enough protein gives your body the building blocks it needs to create serotonin and dopamine.
8. What tests might help with mood and gut symptoms?
Tests like the DUTCH hormone test, GI360 gut test or neurotransmitter panels may help if your symptoms are complex. These tests help identify imbalances so your treatment can be more targeted.
9. Can a Naturopath help with mental health symptoms?
A Naturopath may help by looking at your whole body, not just your mood. They use natural tools like food, herbs and supplements to support your nervous system and improve how you feel.
10. Is this approach safe with other treatments?
Natural treatments can often be used alongside medications and other therapies. Your Naturopath will always check for safety and work with your existing health plan.
